защо аджеба ги слагаме тези резистори, кондензатори, светодиоди, диоди, батерии и какво ли още не в катода, а може и без тях... Възможно е закатодване с резистор или с резистор и електролит, със Светодиод( най-добре инфрачервен за 3в), С батерия до 3в. с ценеров диод. Всички тези с + обърнат към катода и - полюс към маса. В основни линии ползваш катодния резистор, за да настроиш анодния ток...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode_biasTo establish cathode bias, a resistor is placed between the emitting element, or cathode and the negative return of the "B" or HT supply. Current drawn through this resistor by tube conduction places the cathode slightly more positive than the negative return. The grid input is returned directly to the negative supply, causing it to be negative with respect to the cathode. Thus, changes in tube conduction are automatically compensated by changes in bias.
This scheme inherently introduces dynamic, even harmonic distortion. As the input signal becomes more positive, cathode current increases, increasing bias and reducing gain. As the input signal becomes more negative, cathode current decreases, decreasing bias and increasing gain. The result is a plate signal with positive excursions greater than the negative input and negative excursions smaller than the positive input. It must be borne in mind that the input and output signals are ideally exactly out of phase. Since cathode bias is normally employed at audio or very low radio frequencies, issues such as transit time and interelectrode capacitance may be disregarded and the ideal assumed.
И това отговаря до някъде:
In a vacuum tube, electrons emit from a hot thing called a CATHODE. They pop off the cathode and float around in the empty space around the cathode. They do this because the cathode is made of a material that emits electrons when it is heated.
Remember that electricity is like magnetism; it has a positive and a negative component. With electrons, as with magnets, opposites attract, while like-charges repel.
Since electrons all have a NEGATIVE charge they tend to REPEL each other. So a cloud of them in a tube tends to want to disperse OUTWARD. (“negative and positive” are both part of an arbitrary nomenclature standard that was established hundreds of years ago by Benjamin Franklin.)
Now we have the cathode with a cloud of electrons all jostling to get away from each other, but there isn't anyplace for them to go.
So there's another metal thing in the tube. It's called either a PLATE or an ANODE. Now, we put a POSITIVE charge on the plate.
The electrons, which are negative, are ATTRACTED to it, because of its OPPOSITE POSITIVE CHARGE.
Electrons pop out of the cathode and zip straight to the plate. They hit the plate, penetrate, and become moving electric current in a wire. This current can do useful things, like push a speaker-cone to make sound.
That is (basically) how any amplifier works.
OK, but are there a LOT of electrons moving through the tube? Yes, there are lots of them. So many that if we left this tube operating, it would destroy itself! The electrons hitting the plate cause it to heat up. If there are enough electrons heating it up, it will turn red-hot, melt the tube's glass envelope and the tube would die a dramatic death. (hissing, sparking and other dangerous fireworks.)
So, we apply a BIAS voltage to a grid (of little wires) that acts like a sieve. This is a steady NEGATIVE voltage, more negative than the cathode. Since like REPELS like, the negative voltage will REDUCE the number of electrons passing through the grid.
You can think of this bias voltage as a shutter or venetian blind on your window. You control how much light gets through by adjusting the blind. In a very real sense, this is exactly what we do with bias on the grid. It acts like a shutter to repel some of the electrons, just as a shutter repels photons... (light.)
We set this voltage so the current to the plate is a tolerable IDLE current. The current is determined by the tube's design and ability to handle it, plus by the circuit outside the tube. Each kind of tube has its own optimal operating point.
By making this bias voltage adjustable, we can set it as desired.
@ vangelis
Дай някоя снимка на тез ампове. В какъв смисъл е различен аналога на 6п6с като звук?
Еабц80 е страшна като предусилвател триодната част. ПП. Ако имаш снимки итн, е хубво да направим друга тема. Освенако оавтора на тази нама нищо против да се обсъждат тук тез неща.